Histology Stains
Histology is the study of microscopic cells and tissue of human, animal and plants.
Tissues have not contrast under electron or light microscope. Histology stains are use to highlighting particular structure of interest. The most use stains are Hematoxylin and Eosin y for nuclear stain. Hematoxylin is a basic dye that stains the nuclear blue due to an affinity to the nucleic acids in the cell's nuclear. On the other hand Eosin Y is an acid dye, Eosin y stain the cytoplasm pink.
Special Staining: With special stains we can show specific tissue characteristics that need to be independently identified for assisting in an accurate diagnosis. The special stain procedures are useful methods use to assist the pathologist in his/her diagnosis of the patient biopsy tissue sample.
Today there are hundreds of various procedures like: Van Gieson's method for the demonstration of collagen and muscle tissue; one of the most popular special stain methods for Connective tissue and variants are: Masson's Tricrome Stain, and Gomori's one-step Trichrome. Special Stain for the demonstration of Mineral and Pigment: Rhodanime for copper and Perl's Method. Special Stain for the demonstration of iron: Nuclear Fast Red, Mucin demonstration with Mucicarmine, Schiff's reagent, periodic Acid, Metanil yellow. For the demonstration of Mucosubstance: Alcian Blue pH 2.5, Weigert's A and B.
Special stains are also use for Blood stain like: Giemsa stock, Giemsa thick and thin. Special Stains are great tool in Microbiology for the demonstration of Acid fast bacteria, use Ziehl's Carbon Fuchsin, Kynoun's, Auramine-Rhodamine. USA population is being affected by Helicobacter Pylori, with Special stain the bacterial can be indentified using; Mayers Hematoxylin, Methylene Blue working and Cresyl Violet Acetate. The slides of the special stain procedures are read by the pathologist and the special stain results are included in the pathology report; Give the answer to sign and symptoms present by the patients.